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How to use a wallet backup (recovery seed)

Keep your wallet backup (formerly recovery seed) safe for the long-term security of your digital assets.
 
Do not share your wallet backup with anyone else.

Do not keep digital copies of your wallet backup (this includes screenshots, photographs, emails, Dropbox wallet backup etc).

We will never ask you to tell us your wallet backup, even if you're speaking with one of our customer support agents.

Never enter your wallet backup anywhere unless prompted by your Trezor device.
 

What is a wallet backup?

 
  • Your wallet backup may also be referred to as a: backup, recovery seed, seed, seed phrase, BIP-39 seed phrase, mnemonic, recovery phrase,  (plus various combinations of these words)
  • It is an ordered list of English words that contains all information necessary for recovering your wallet (i.e., accessing bitcoin or other cryptocurrency funds on-chain)
  • A wallet backup provides full access to the associated wallet (the private key is mathematically derived from the wallet  backup)—this is why you must keep it safe
 
Wallet backups were introduced as part of Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 39 (commonly referred to as 'BIP-39') to serve as a human-friendly method for backing up your wallet.

 
Your wallet backup is a 'plain English' representation of a random number, from which all of your keys and addresses are mathematically derived.
  • Your wallet backup is an ordered sequence of:
  • When you write down your wallet backup, the words must be copied down in the same order they appear
  • It is very important that you keep your wallet backup private and safe, so that your cryptocurrency is never at risk
  • Having a safe wallet backup means you can recover your Bitcoin in case of hardware failure or the loss of your device
 
Your Trezor derives your private key from your wallet backup, which can then be used to spend your funds.
 
We will never ask for your wallet backup!

Scammers, perhaps posing as Trezor support team members on social media and chat forums, will try to persuade you to share your wallet backup.

Please also be aware of increasingly sophisticated phishing attacks (usually in the form of fake websites or emails that often appear legitimate) that aim to steal your security info (wallet backup, PIN, passphrase etc)
 

Recording & storing your wallet backup

The physical security of your wallet backup is even more important than that of your device.

Your Trezor hardware wallet ships with a pair of wallet backup cards that you should use for writing down the words when you backup your device - this is a strongly recommended step when setting up your Trezor.
 
You can download additional copies of Trezor wallet backup cards from the Recovery seed card article.

 
You can also protect your wallet backup with the Trezor Keep Metal, for an easy-to-use robust wallet backup solution, tailor-made to store your backup securely.
 

If your Trezor is lost or stolen, it is highly unlikely someone would be able to access it without your PIN. However, if someone steals your wallet backup, your coins can be accessed easily using a different device or wallet.

When backing up your device, you should:
  • Make sure you have all of the words correctly spelled and in the correct order
  • Never make a digital copy of your wallet backup cards (this includes backing up via Dropbox, e-mail, encrypted folder, or taking photos)
  • Keep your wallet backup cards safe from theft and damage
 
Learn more about "How to store your Bitcoin wallet backups" on the Trezor Blog